Geological Structure
Geological Structure
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quiz Questions
Q1
Which of the following is considered the oldest geological formation in India?
Archaean Rock System
Gondwana Rock System
Deccan Trap
Vindhyan Rock System
Explanation
The Archaean Rock System (including the Dharwar system) is the oldest rock system in India, formed billions of years ago during the pre-Cambrian era.
Q2
The Gondwana rock system in India is world-famous for containing reserves of which mineral?
Iron Ore
Coal
Petroleum
Bauxite
Explanation
Over 98% of India's coal reserves are found in the Gondwana rock formations, primarily located in the Damodar, Mahanadi, and Godavari valleys.
Q3
The 'Deccan Traps' were formed during which geological period due to massive fissure volcanic eruptions?
Cretaceous Period
Carboniferous Period
Jurassic Period
Cambrian Period
Explanation
The Deccan Traps were formed during the late Cretaceous period when volcanic basaltic lava flooded the western peninsular shield.
Q4
The Malda Fault (or Garo-Rajmahal Gap) separates which two major physiographic units of India?
The Himalayas and the Northern Plains
The Peninsular Plateau and the Meghalaya Plateau
Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
Thar Desert and Aravalli Range
Explanation
The Malda Fault separates the main Peninsular Plateau block from its northeastern extension, the Shillong/Meghalaya Plateau.
Q5
The 'Karewas' formations, highly famous for Saffron (Zafferan) cultivation, are found in which region of India?
Kashmir Himalayas
Kumaon Himalayas
Assam Himalayas
Darjeeling Himalayas
Explanation
Karewas are lacustrine (lake) deposits found forming terraces in the Kashmir Valley, which are highly fertile and ideal for Saffron cultivation.
Q6
Which geological rock system is the primary source of premium quality building materials like the red sandstone used in Delhi's Red Fort and Agra Fort?
Cuddapah System
Vindhyan System
Dharwar System
Gondwana System
Explanation
The Vindhyan Rock System is famous for its sedimentary rocks, providing high-quality building materials, sandstone, and limestone used in historical monuments.
Q7
Which major tectonic boundary separates the Great Himalayas (Himadri) from the Lesser Himalayas (Himachal)?
Main Boundary Thrust (MBT)
Main Central Thrust (MCT)
Himalayan Frontal Fault (HFF)
Indo-Tsangpo Suture Zone (ITSZ)
Explanation
The Main Central Thrust (MCT) is a major geological fault zone that separates the Higher Himalayan crystalline rocks from the Lesser Himalayan metasedimentaries.
Q8
The Dharwar Rock System is economically the most important rock system in India because it is highly rich in which of the following?
Metallic Minerals
Petroleum Deposits
Natural Gas
Fossil Fuels
Explanation
The Dharwar system consists of highly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks that are highly mineralized, containing India's major metallic minerals like iron ore, gold, and manganese.
Q9
The 'Cuddapah Rock System', known for its quartzites and shales, is prominently named after a district in which Indian state?
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Tamil Nadu
Odisha
Explanation
The Cuddapah Rock System takes its name from the Kadapa (Cuddapah) district of Andhra Pradesh, where these formations occur extensively in a crescent-shaped basin.
Q10
Which physiographic division of India is considered a stable landmass that has never been completely submerged under the sea since the Cambrian period?
The Coastal Plains
The Peninsular Plateau
The Northern Plains
The Extra-Peninsular Mountains
Explanation
The Peninsular Shield / Plateau is one of the oldest and most stable landmasses on Earth, remaining largely unaffected by major marine transgressions since the Palaeozoic era.