General Science Topics
Undergraduate level — General Science
Choose question count and time — session stays in your browser only.
filter_alt Topics
Physics Basics
Chemistry Basics
Biology Basics
Science & Technology
Environment & Ecology
quiz Questions
Q121
Which chemical element belongs to Group 1 of the periodic table and reacts violently with water to yield hydrogen gas, necessitating storage under kerosene oil?
Magnesium
Sodium
Calcium
Aluminium
Explanation
Sodium (Na) is an alkali metal that reacts highly exothermically with moisture in the air or water, creating a fire hazard. Hence, it is stored submerged inside kerosene oil.
Q122
Which endocrine gland is located at the base of the brain and is often referred to as the 'Master Gland' due to its role in regulating other endocrine structures?
Adrenal Gland
Pituitary Gland
Thyroid Gland
Thymus Gland
Explanation
The Pituitary Gland releases various trophic hormones that stimulate and control the activity of thyroid, adrenal, and reproductive glands across the system.
Q123
An optical fiber transmits a signal through total internal reflection. What is the fundamental relation required between the refractive indices of the core (n1) and the cladding (n2)?
n1 is less than n2
n1 is equal to n2
n1 is greater than n2
n1 is unrelated to n2
Explanation
For total internal reflection to occur, light must travel from a denser medium to a rarer medium. Therefore, the refractive index of the core (n1) must be greater than that of the cladding (n2).
Q124
Which chemical element is an alloy component of stainless steel along with Iron and Carbon, imparting rust resistance properties?
Copper
Chromium
Zinc
Lead
Explanation
Chromium is added to steel to make it stainless. It forms a thin, invisible, and protective layer of chromium oxide on the surface, which prevents further atmospheric corrosion.
Q125
Which cell organelle contains its own circular DNA and ribosomes, supporting the endosymbiotic theory of its evolutionary origin?
Golgi Bodies
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Lysosomes
Explanation
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own circular DNA and 70S ribosomes, similar to prokaryotic cells, suggesting they evolved from engulfed ancient bacteria.
Q126
The satellite tracking project called 'NISAR' is a joint collaborative radar mission between ISRO and which international space agency?
ESA
NASA
JAXA
Roscosmos
Explanation
NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) is a joint earth-observation satellite project between NASA and ISRO designed to map global environmental changes.
Q127
Which of the following processes represents the primary mechanism of the natural Greenhouse Effect inside the Earth's atmosphere?
Absorption and reflection of shortwave ultraviolet rays by nitrogen
Trapping of outgoing longwave infrared radiation by specific gases
Absolute block of incoming visible light spectra by high cloud cover
Localized heating triggered by industrial particulate friction effects
Explanation
The Earth's surface absorbs shortwave solar radiation and emits longwave infrared radiation, which is absorbed and re-radiated back by greenhouse gases, warming the atmosphere.
Q128
A block of mass 5 kg is pulled on a friction-free surface with a force of 20 N. What is the acceleration of the block?
2 m/s²
4 m/s²
10 m/s²
100 m/s²
Explanation
According to Newton's second law of motion, F = ma. Given F = 20 N and m = 5 kg, acceleration a = F / m = 20 / 5 = 4 m/s².
Q129
Which chemical law states that at a constant temperature, the volume of a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure?
Charles's Law
Boyle's Law
Avogadro's Law
Gay-Lussac's Law
Explanation
Boyle's Law states that for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature, the pressure and volume are inversely proportional (P ∝ 1/V or PV = constant).
Q130
Which of the following diseases is classified as a water-borne bacterial infection that causes severe dehydration via acute diarrheal channels?
Tuberculosis
Cholera
Malaria
Influenza
Explanation
Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, causing rapid loss of body fluids.