General Science Topics
Undergraduate level — General Science
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quiz Questions
Q151
The fundamental dynamic known as 'Ten Percent Law' inside an ecosystem describes which structural operation within a trophic food chain?
The recycling efficiency index of non-living mineral compounds
The proportion of organic energy transferred to the next trophic level
The multiplication index of toxic bioaccumulated chemicals
The rate of species replacement over a delta zone transition
Explanation
Introduced by Raymond Lindeman, the 10% law dictates that during the transfer of organic energy from one trophic level to the next higher level, only about 10% of the energy is stored as biomass, while 90% is lost as metabolic heat.
Q152
A stone is thrown vertically upwards and reaches a maximum height H before falling back. What is the total distance traveled by the stone during its complete round trip?
Zero
H
2H
4H
Explanation
Distance is the actual total path length covered. The stone travels a distance H upwards and another distance H downwards, making the total distance traveled H + H = 2H. (Note: The net displacement would be zero).
Q153
Which chemical element belongs to Group 2 of the periodic table and burns with a brilliant white dazzling flame when ignited in the air, making it highly valuable in fireworks?
Barium
Magnesium
Strontium
Calcium
Explanation
Magnesium (Mg) is an alkaline earth metal that reacts with atmospheric oxygen when heated to form Magnesium Oxide, producing a highly intense, blinding white light during combustion.
Q154
The structural lining inside the human stomach is fully protected against the highly corrosive action of hydrochloric acid by which physiological secretion?
Pepsinogen enzymes
Mucus
Bile Juice solution
Trypsin compounds
Explanation
Goblet cells inside the gastric mucosa secrete a thick layer of alkaline Mucus that physically barriers and chemically neutralizes the corrosive hydrochloric acid, preventing self-digestion or ulcer development.
Q155
An ultrasonic echo-sounding device on a ship transmits a signal down into the ocean. The echo from the seabed is received exactly 4 seconds later. If the speed of sound in seawater is 1500 m/s, what is the depth of the ocean at that location?
1500 meters
3000 meters
6000 meters
750 meters
Explanation
The total time taken for the sound wave to travel down to the seabed and return is 4 seconds. Therefore, the time taken to reach the seabed is t = 4 / 2 = 2 seconds. Depth d = speed × time = 1500 m/s × 2 s = 3000 meters.
Q156
Which of the following organic functional groups defines the chemical family of Ketones and consists of a non-terminal carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom?
-CHO (Formyl group)
-CO- (Carbonyl group)
-O- (Ether group)
-COOR (Ester group)
Explanation
The ketone functional group is the carbonyl group (-CO-) located within a carbon chain rather than at the end, meaning the carbonyl carbon must be bonded to two other carbon atoms.
Q157
The condition of physiological jaundice commonly observed in newborn infants is caused by an excessive accumulation of which metabolic breakdown pigment in the blood?
Hemoglobin
Bilirubin
Melanin
Thyroxine
Explanation
Jaundice is caused by elevated levels of Bilirubin, a yellowish pigment formed during the normal physiological breakdown of old red blood cells, which an immature liver cannot process rapidly enough.
Q158
Which of the following describes the key technological feature of a 'Solid State Drive' (SSD) that allows it to operate faster than a traditional Hard Disk Drive (HDD)?
The use of high-velocity rotating magnetic platters
The complete absence of moving mechanical components, using flash memory instead
The integration of optical laser diffraction tracking systems
Continuous liquid nitrogen cooling circulation inside the casing
Explanation
Unlike HDDs, SSDs have no moving mechanical parts. They store data electronically in non-volatile flash memory (NAND flash), which eliminates physical latency like disk spinning and actuator head movement.
Q159
Which global biological configuration index describes the total variety and geographical rich composition of species evaluated across an entire macro-regional landscape?
Alpha Diversity
Beta Diversity
Gamma Diversity
Trophic Tectonic Index
Explanation
Gamma diversity represents the overall diversity of species across a large macro-regional geographic landscape, integrating the alpha diversity of separate individual ecosystems and the beta diversity transitions between them.
Q160
An ideal gas sample is heated at a constant pressure. Which of the following statements describes the physical behavior of the gas according to Charles's Law?
The volume decreases linearly as temperature increases
The volume increases directly with absolute temperature
The molecular collision frequency drops down to absolute zero
The mass converts progressively into pure thermal kinetic currents
Explanation
Charles's Law states that for a fixed mass of an ideal gas maintained at constant pressure, its volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (V ∝ T). Heating the gas increases its volume.